Important Events 532 Nika uprising against Emperor Justinian I in Constantinople fails, 30,000 killed by troops loyal to the Emperor in the Hippodrome 1591 King

Important Events 1773 Captain James Cook becomes 1st to cross Antarctic Circle (66° 33′ S) 1873 A group of Modoc warriors defeats the United States

Important Events 588 BC Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah’s reign. The siege lasts until July 23, 586 BC. 1535 Henry

Important Events 1526 Charles V and Francis I sign the Treaty of Madrid, forcing Francis to give up claims to Burgundy, Italy and Flanders 1641

Important Events 532 Nika riots begin in Constantinople, revolt against Emperor Justinian I, prompted by chariot racing 1785 John Walter publishes 1st issue of “The

Important Events 1528 Gustav I of Sweden crowned King of Sweden, rules for 37 years and becomes known as the “father of the nation” 1554

Important Events 1599 Jacob van Neck’s fleet leaves Bantam, Java in modern day Indonesia with 1 million pounds of pepper and cloves and a further

Important Events 49 BC Julius Caesar defies the Roman Senate and crosses the Rubicon, uttering “alea iacta est” (the die is cast), signaling the start

Important Events 1656 Oldest surviving commercial newspaper begins (Haarlem, Netherlands) 1790 1st US President George Washington delivers 1st state of the union address 1835 US

Important Events 1649 The English Rump Parliament votes to put Charles I on trial for treason and other “high crimes” 1912 Geophysicist and meteorologist Alfred

Important Events 1847 Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the United States government 1865 New York Stock Exchange opens its 1st permanent headquarters

Important Events 1496 Leonardo da Vinci unsuccessfully tests a flying machine 1521 Martin Luther is Excommunicated by Pope Leo X from the Roman Catholic Church

Important Events 366 The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers, invading the Roman Empire 1492 Muhammad XII, the last Emir of Granada,

Important Events 45 BC The Julian calendar takes effect for the first time 630 Prophet Muhammad sets out with his army towards Mecca, capturing it

Important Events 406 80,000 Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine at Mainz, beginning invasion of Gallia 1744 English astronomer James Bradley announces discovery of

Important Events 1460 Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield (Northern England), Duke of York killed and his forces soundly defeated by forces for King

Important Events 1835 Treaty of New Echota is signed between the US government and representatives of a minority Cherokee political faction to cede all lands

Important Events 1065 Westminster Abbey in London consecrated 1612 First observation of Neptune – Galileo observes and records a “fixed star” without realising it is

Important Events 1492 1st Spanish settlement La Navidad in the New World is founded by Christopher Columbus (modern Môle-Saint-Nicolas in Haiti) 1792 Trial of French

Important Events 1st Christmas, according to calendar-maker Dionysus Exiguus 800 Pope Leo III crowns Charles the Great (Charlemagne), Roman Emperor 1066 William the Conqueror is

Important Events 1565 Compromise of the Nobles in Habsburg Netherlands closes against inquisition 1814 Treaty of Ghent signed, ending the War of 1812 between the

Important Events 962 Byzantine-Arab Wars: Under the future Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine troops storm the city of Aleppo, recovering the tattered tunic of John the

Important Events 1790 Supposedly impenetrable Turkish fortress of Izmail stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies during the Russo-Turkish War (1787–92) 1877 Thomas

Important Events 1620 Mayflower Pilgrims come ashore at in Plymouth Bay, traditionally thought to be at Plymouth Rock, Massachusetts [OS=Dec 11] 1898 French Scientists Pierre

Important Events 1522 Suleiman the Magnificent accepts surrender of the surviving Knights of Rhodes, who are allowed to evacuate. They eventually settle in Malta and